Great chapter, though mostly we just learned that Eren's Dad originally came from outside the wall-- and not a whole lot else. For us reader's, his experience is similar to Ymir's, though they likely have slightly different backgrounds.
Jaeger's comment about "fighting" also largely supports the idea of different titan factions outside the wall-- though I think it was a shock for many of us last chapter that ARB and Monkey seem to be from the same faction.
One other important fact that we can infer from this chapter-- that because Dr. J comes from outside the wall, it's possible to assume that Eren is technically NOT of the "majority bloodline," that it's more likely that he's like the Asians, nobles, or Akermans in not being controllable by the king's power.
Even if his mother was a majority race woman, purity of blood doesn't seem to be that important. Since the royal family assumed they couldn't erase Kenny's memories despite the high likelihood that Kenny (and other Ackermans by this time) were not of pure heritage. It's fair to assume that blocking the king's influence is a "dominant" trait that usually breeds true. Anyway, something to make not of with Eren.